Mar 08, 2016 it also reduces the specific steam consumption, therefore reduces the size of power plant of given capacity. Advantage of a condenser 382016footer text 6 it increases the work output per kg of steam supplied to the power plant. Tsou consulting services john maulbetsch, maulbetsch consulting jessica shi, epri electric power research institute. The function of the condenser is to convert the saturated steam at the exhaust of the turbine to water that can be reused in the boiler to again convert it to steam. Each of the condensers is located beneath one of the two low pressure turbines with the condenser tubes running perpendicular to the turbinegenerator axis. Performance analysis of surface condenser in 525mw. Improvement power plant efficiency with condenser pressure. Economical analysis to find an approximate value for the cost of condenser, the tube pipe length and the material of this tubes necessary, 10. Today we are going to read and learn definition, working diagram layout, advantages, disadvantages, and application of thermal power plant.
Power plant steam condenser power plant, france case story space restrictions were a major concern for a french power plant evaluating heat exchangers for use as a steam condenser. Complete surface condenser retrofits are possible and can offer a multitude of benefits. The condenser tubes and baffles are arranged in such. According to the operating parameters of seawater temperature, seawater volume flow and condenser design data, we can also get the relation curve of condenser pressure and unit output with the cooling pipes plugging. The thermal efficiency of the entire unit was mostly depended on the condenser performance. The condenser performance test and thermal performance analysis of variable conditions in tqnpc article pdf available in energy and power engineering 0504. Optimization of a condenser in a thermal power plant. The company needed a solution with a minimal footprint that could increase the efficiency of its steam turbine. At the bottom of the post you will find pdf that you can easily download. As the temperature increases continually, the condenser pressure increases faster and faster. It improves the thermal efficiency of the power plant. As single pressure or multipressure, depending on whether the cooling water flow path creates one or more turbine backpressures. Where cooling water is in short supply, an aircooled. The main steam condenser mc system is designed to condense and deaerate the exhaust steam from the main turbine and provide a heat sink for the turbine bypass system.
A surface condenser is a commonly used term for a watercooled shell and tube heat exchanger installed to condense exhaust steam from a steam turbine in thermal power stations. Performance characteristics of an aircooled condenser under. Excessive iron concentrations in the final feedwater indicated active corrosion in the acc. Then the wet cooling tower came into use due to concerns about and regulations for water withdrawal rates and thermal effects on water bodies from steam power plant electricity production. Some power plants have an open cycle once through cooling water system where water is taken from a body of water, such as a river, lake or ocean, pumped through the plant condenser and discharged back to the source. It increases the efficiency of the power plant due to increased enthalpy drop. A nuclear power plant is a thermal power station in which the heat source is a nuclear reactor. The basic device is a spring diaphragmoperated sensing element with the upper side of the.
Poor condenser performance results in performance losses which reduce the profitability of your power plant. The global steam condenser for thermal power plant market is expected to progress at a steady growth rate over the forecast period. Power plant cooling system overview for researchers and. Each of these configurations has its own specific plant and power train layout. The thermal power plants are designed based on required conditions like a good quality of steam, pressure and temperature of steam etc. The thermal power plants are used to generate power.
For power plants, 34inch, 78inch, and 1inch od tubes are the most prevalent sizes. Pdf analysis of operation of the condenser in a 120 mw. As a general rule, 34inch tubes are used in small condensers up to 15,000 square feet, 78inch tubes are used in condensers between 15,000 and 50,000 square feet. The exhausted steam from the lp turbines is condensed by passing over tubes containing water from the cooling system. These are described in the first two chapters of this section. This paper documents a biofilm episode in the main condenser of a nuclear power plant. As is typical of thermal power stations, heat is used to generate steam that drives a steam turbine connected to a generator that produces electricity.
Modernization and upgrades for condenser modernization. Steam power plant configuration, design, and control. Steam surface condensers modular changeouts babcock power. General electric systems technology manual chapter 2. The exergy efficiency is calculated using the operating data from the plant at different conditions, viz. The number of blades per fan will minimally be 5 but may be as many as 810 depending upon the fan supplier and the performance requirements. A filmforming, aminebased product not supplied by nalco water was initially applied to address the issue. The main advantages of incorporating a steam condenser in a steam power plant are as follows. The wet cooling tower has a much lower water withdrawal rate than once through. The steam exhausted from the low pressure turbines is condensed in the main condenser and collected in the main condenser hotwell.
The problem was reversed by the use of oxidizing biocide and a wettingpenetrating agent, along with ph adjustments and other measures. This power plant with its 34 mw down exhaust turbine and 40,570 squarefoot condenser will aid in reducing the hills of. This steam is expanded across a number of turbine blades and the spent steam is condensed in a condenser and pumped back to the steam water cycle of the plant. Steam condensers are heat exchangers which come in. For 50 years, more than 700 of our condensers have been engineered, commissioned. The combined cycle power plant also includes a condenser fluidly connected to the outlet section of the steam turbine section.
The nearly all accepted style of air cooled condenser is the modularized a frame structured design, used on industries and power plants of all sizes. The burning of culm is an excellent example of cogeneration helping the environment. Steam condenser and its types from university syllabus point of view. Condenser w 0 steam power plant q h h out 4 1 the thermal efficiency of the rankine cycle is determine from net out th in in k 1 wq qq where w q q w w net in out turbine, out pump, in deviation of actual vapor power cycle from idealized ones the actual vapor power cycle differs from the ideal rankine cycle, as a result of.
Swapan basu, ajay kumar debnath, in power plant instrumentation and control handbook, 2015. The main condenser also receives drainage from various system and equipment drains. Deterioration of the parameters during operation could lead to. For 50 years, more than 700 of our condensers have been engineered, commissioned, and delivered. An introduction to condensers and auxiliary equipment for. Global supplier of steam condensers and related technology. It is known from chapter 9, power plant systems, that evacuating air from the condenser may be realized either with the help of a steam jet air ejector or by utilizing a vacuum pump. Patel mihir 450119107 patel mubarak 450119110 patel parth 450119116 patel pathik 450119117 pathan uvesh 450119125 2. Power plant equipment and materials included in the india and romania escalation data 17 3. A condensation electric power plant uses organic fuels solid fuels, mainly pulverized coal of various types, as well as mazut. Direct aircooled condenser units in power plants usually consist of finned tubes arranged in the form of a delta or aframe to drain condensate effectively, reduce distribution steam duct lengths and minimize the required ground surface area. The condensate will be collected in the steam collection header and gets the bottom of a structure.
Today we are going to read and learn definition, working diagram layout, advantages, disadvantages, and application of thermal power plant note. Power plant cooling system overview for researchers and technology developers. The condenser tube of the power plant adopts hsn701a brass with a specification of. The a frame structured designs are mostly used in the power plants. Any steam condenser does the task to fulfill mainly two objectives as given below. A steam condenser is a tool which is used to decrease vapor or gas to liquid. A combined cycle power plant includes a steam turbine section having an inlet section and an outlet section.
The function of this protection device is to trip the turbine in case the condenser vacuum becomes lower than a very low preset value. Power plant condenser fouling article of interest by dewindia team industrial process plants generate steam for power production and process use. Analysis of operation of the condenser in a 120 mw thermal power plant article pdf available in thermal science 2200. These condensers are heat exchangers which convert steam from its gaseous to its liquid state at a pressure below atmospheric pressure. Condenser, back pressure, power, heat rate, thermal efficiency i. In the boiler, heat is transferred into the steam from a. In surface condensers, there is no direct contact between the exhaust steam and the cooling water.
May 05, 2017 a condenser in a power plant is a heat exchanger. A steam power plant operates on a simple ideal rankine cycle see figure 4. It affects the saving in cost of water to be supplied to the boiler since the condensate is returned to the boiler. Condenser tube cleaning macro and micro fouling and scaling of condenser tubes will adversely impact the performance of any well designed condenser the results are reduced heat transfer, reduced output, and reduced availability, while increasing the number of plant outages and increasing the maintenance costs. Parametric analysis of surface condenser for thermal power. Condensers larger than 50,000 square feet normally use at least 1inch tubes. The company needed a solution with a minimal footprint that. The condensate that is collected in the hotwell is removed by. Steam condenser for thermal power plant market size report, 2025. The surface condenser is designed to condense and deaerate the exhaust steam from the main turbine and provide a heat sink for the turbine bypass system. Motor characteristics fan motor power must be equal to that required by the fan shaft power divided by the motor and gear box. Recovering this steam as condensate, and returning it to the boiler, is an economical way to recycle heat. This is why alfacond has become the preferred alternative to the direct condensers and bulky indirect. First, a brief introduction of ffpp fundamentals and con.
Effect of condenser backpressure on power plant heat rate and. It also reduces the specific steam consumption, therefore reduces the size of power plant of given capacity. When condenser pressure drops, turbine power and the used power by pump increases 10. Steam condenser for thermal power plant market size report. And over the past 35 years, we have retrofitted more than 70 condenser tube bundles and set a record of 19 days for a 900mw npp retrofit thanks to our service expertise. The steam turbine section passes steam from the inlet section toward the outlet section. Why is it necessary to use a condenser in a steam powerplant.
Filming corrosion inhibitor reduces corrosion in combined. Condenser in thermal power plant linkedin slideshare. Ensure your steam surface condenser is delivering optimum performance. Effect of condenser backpressure on power plant heat rate.
Cost of water softening plant is also reduced since pure feed. Indiaaverage annual compound escalation for plant equipment and materials 17. Parametric analysis of surface condenser for thermal power plant. As of 2014, the international atomic energy agency reported there were 450 nuclear power reactors in operation in 31 countries.
Condensation electric power plant a thermal steamturbine power plant whose purpose is the generation of electric power by condensing turbines. A surface condenser is critical to the efficient operation of a power plant. This article provides an overview of fossilfuel power plant ffpp con. A typical power plant condenser has the following functional arrangement. This sequence of the steamwater loop is the main technological scheme in steamturbine power plants and is called the heatbalance diagram of the power plant see figure 1. The condenser plant has a huge impact on the economy of a steam turbine power plant. Steam power plant an overview sciencedirect topics.
Condenser is one of the important auxiliary equipments in nuclear power plants. Modernization and upgrades for condenser modernization and. The heat released by combustion of the fuel is transmitted to a working substance. Like many power plants, this plant cycles more today than historically. The condenser performance test and thermal performance.
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